Phonograph biography

Phonograph biography examples

A phonographlater called a gramophone as a trademark sinceas a generic name in the UK sinceand since the s a record playeror more recently a turntableis a device for the mechanical and analogue reproduction of sound. To recreate the sound, the surface is similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is therefore vibrated by it, faintly reproducing the recorded sound.

In phonograph biography acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a diaphragm that produced sound waves coupled to the open air through a flaring hornor directly to the listener's ears through stethoscope -type earphones. The phonograph was invented in by Thomas Edison ; [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] its use would rise the following year.

Alexander Graham Bell 's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the s and introduced the graphophoneincluding the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a zigzag groove around the record.

In the s, Emile Berliner initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to flat discs with a spiral groove running from the periphery to near the centre, coining the term gramophone for disc record players, which is predominantly used in many languages.

Later improvements through the years included modifications to the turntable and its drive system, stylus, pickup system, and the sound and equalization systems. The disc phonograph record was the dominant commercial audio distribution format throughout most of the 20th century, and phonographs became the first example of home audio that people owned and used at their residences.